![]() ![]() In British usage, the word "stave" is often used. The five staff lines and four intervening spaces correspond to pitches of the diatonic scale – which pitch is meant by a given line or space is defined by the clef. The staff is the fundamental latticework of music notation, on which symbols are placed. "12/8" is a compound time type of time signature). Other common time signatures are "3/4" (three beats per bar, with each beat being a quarter note) "2/4" (two beats per bar, with each beat being a quarter note) "6/8" (six beats per bar, with each beat being an eighth note) and "12/8" (twelve beats per bar, with each beat being an eighth note in practice, the eighth notes are typically put into four groups of three eighth notes. ![]() ![]() ![]() "4/4" is used so often that it is also called "common time", and it may be indicated with a "C" rather than numbers. Measures divide the piece into groups of beats, and the time signatures specify those groupings. The bottom "4" indicates that each of those beats are quarter notes. The top "4" indicates that there are four beats per measure (also called bar). The time signature typically consists of two numbers, with one of the most common being "4/4". A natural sign placed before a note renders that note in its "natural" form, which means that any sharps or flats applying to that note from the key signature or from accidentals are cancelled.įollowing the key signature is the time signature. A double flat is placed before a note to make it two semitones lower. A double sharp is placed before a note to make it two semitones higher. Double sharps and double flats are less common, but they are used. When a flat is placed before a note, this makes that note one semitone lower. When a sharp is placed before a note, this makes that note one semitone higher. Notes representing a pitch outside the scope of the five line staff can be represented using ledger lines, which provide a single note with additional lines and spaces.įollowing the clef, the key signature on a staff indicates the key of the piece or song by specifying that certain notes are flat or sharp throughout the piece, unless otherwise indicated with accidentals added before certain notes. The treble and bass clefs are the most widely used clefs, and for the purposes of this course, are the only ones we will be using. Notation is read from left to right.Ī staff, or stave, in written music begins with a clef, which indicates the position of one particular note on the staff. (Right now, just think of an accidental as the sharp (♯), flat (♭), and natural (♮) symbols.) The duration is shown with different note values, which can be indicated by the note being just a circle (a whole note) or using stems to indicate quarter notes and other subdivisions, and additional symbols such as dots and ties which lengthen the duration of a note. The pitch of the round musical notes can be modified by accidentals. The staff acts as a framework upon which pitches are indicated by placing round notes on the staff lines or between the lines. Modern music notation is used by musicians of many different genres throughout the world. If you have any difficulty with a particular portion, make certain to write it down and/or say it aloud to yourself. And, really, once you've gone over it at your own pace, it shouldn't be overly difficult. It is probably best to read and watch until you are confident you understand it. It is important to read this text before watching the videos that follow it. ![]()
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